Editor-in-Chief Hatice Kübra Elçioğlu Vice Editors Levent Kabasakal Esra Tatar Online ISSN 2630-6344 Publisher Marmara University Frequency Bimonthly (Six issues / year) Abbreviation J.Res.Pharm. Former Name Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal
Journal of Research in Pharmacy 2010 , Vol 14 , Num 3
Turkish folk medicinal plants, IX: Ovacık (Tunceli)
Ertan Tuzlacı, Ahmet Doğan
Marmara Üniversitesi, Farmasötik Botanik Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye DOI : 10.12991/201014449

Summary

Bu çalışmanın amacı Ovacık (Tunceli) yöresinde geleneksel halk ilacı olarak kullanılan bitkileri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaçla, Mayıs 2007- Mayıs 2008 tarihleri arasında Nisan, Mayıs, Haziran, Temmuz ayları içinde toplam 30 gün süren bir arazi çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu araştırma esnasında yöredeki 33 köyün hepsine gidilerek halk ilacı olarak kullanılan bitkilerden örnekler toplanmıştır. Bu bitkilerin yöresel adları, tedavideki kullanışları, yararlanılan kısımları, ilaçların hazırlanışı, uygulanış şekilleri, dozları, uygulama süreleri hakkında bilgiler derlenmiştir. Toplanan bu örnekler Marmara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Herbaryumu'nda (MARE) bulunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak yörede toplanan 76 bitki örneğinin teşhisi sonucu 67 türden geleneksel halk ilacı olarak yararlanıldığı saptanmıştır. Bunlardan 65'i yabani, 2'si ise yörede yetiştirilen bitkilerdir. Bu bitkiler ve bunların tedavideki kullanışları metin içinde tablo şeklinde sunulmuştur. Ovacık yöresinde kaydedilen bitkilerden en çok soğuk algınlığı, şeker hastalığı ve yara tedavisinde yararlanıldığı tespit edilmiştir.

Introduction

Our research area, Ovacık, is a district of Tunceli that is located on the north west of eastern Anatolia. Ovacık is surrounded by Kemah (Erzincan) from the north, Hozat from the south, Pülümür and city of Tunceli from the east, and Kemah (Erzincan) and Çemişgezek from the west. Munzur and Mercan Mountains form the large portion of the boundaries of these districts (Figure 1).

Ovacık takes its name from the small plain, approximately 74 km2, that is located between Munzur and Mercan mountains (Figure 2). The altitude of the center of Ovacık is 1300 m. Ziyaret tepesi (3071 m) is the highest point of the Ovacık district (1). There are several natural lakes in the peaks of Munzur mountains (Figure 3).

Methods

Data was collected via face to face interviews with local healers, experienced adults, and patients. Data included local names, uses/ailments treated, part(s) of plants used, and methods of preparation.

The plant specimens are kept in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University (MARE). The “Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands” [2] was mainly used for the identification of the plants. All the specimens were collected by A. Dogan.

Results

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
As a result of identification of 76 plant specimens, 67 species used as a traditional folk medicine, have been determined. Among them 65 species are wild and 2 species are cultivated plants. While most of these plants are used solitary some of them are used in mixtures.

In the folk medicinal plants of Ovacık, eight taxa are endemic to Turkey Allium macrochaetum subsp. tuncelianum (Sivas, Tunceli), Cephalaria speciosa (Erzincan,Van, Tunceli), Convolvulus galaticus (Amasya, Ankara, Bolu, Burdur, Denizli, Elazığ Eskişehir, Gaziantep, Kayseri, Konya, Kütahya Malatya, Mardin, Niğde, Şanlıurfa, Tunceli, Van Zonguldak), Iris sari (Amasya, Çankırı, Elazığ Erzurum, Gaziantep, Kayseri, Niğde, Sivas Tunceli) (Figure 4), Hesperis schischkinii (Erzincan Erzurum, Muş, Tunceli) (Figure 5), Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. chionophilus (Adana, Kahramanmaraş Kayseri, Sivas, Tunceli), Origanum acutidens (Bingöl, Erzincan, Erzurum, Gümüşhane Kars, Malatya, Sivas, Tunceli), Tchihatchewia isatidea (Erzincan, Erzurum, Giresun, Sivas, Tunceli) (Figure 6,7) [2].

Decoction and infusion are the methods mostly used for the preparation of the folk medicine.

Findings about the use of the plants are presented in Table 1. The plants are arranged in an alphabetical order according to their latin names. The cultivated plants are marked with asterisk.

According to the comparison (Table 2) with the other local ethnobotanical studies (3,4) in the eastern Anatolia, there are only three plants (Achillea biebersteinii, Plantago major subsp. major Urtica dioica) which are using with the same purposes in Ovacık (Tunceli), Kürecik (Malatya) and Ilıca (Erzurum). These plants and their similar usages are also recorded in the other places in Turkey: Achillea biebersteinii (Isparta), Plantago major subsp. major (Giresun, Trabzon), Urtica dioica (Balıkesir Çanakkale, Giresun, Isparta, İstanbul, Muğla, Trabzon) (5). In addition, in thirteen plants of the Table 2, there are also some similar usages in two localities.

TABLE 1: Folk Medicinal Plants of Ovacık (Tunceli-TURKEY)

TABLO 2: The comparison of the same folk medicinal plants in Ovacık (Tunceli), Kürecik (Malatya) and Ilıca (Erzurum) ( —: plants not recorded)


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FIGURE 1: Map of Tunceli


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FIGURE 2: Ovacık and Munzur Mountains (Photo A.Doğan)


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FIGURE 3: Munzur Mountains and Eremurus Spectabilis Population (Photo A.Doğan)


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FIGURE 4: Iris sari (Photo A.Doğan)


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FIGURE 5: Hesperis schischkinii (Photo A.Doğan)


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FIGURE 6: Tchihatchewia isatidea-1 (Photo A.Doğan)


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FIGURE 7: Tchihatchewia isatidea-2 (Photo A.Doğan)

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