Editor-in-Chief Hatice Kübra Elçioğlu Vice Editors Levent Kabasakal Esra Tatar Online ISSN 2630-6344 Publisher Marmara University Frequency Bimonthly (Six issues / year) Abbreviation J.Res.Pharm. Former Name Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal
Journal of Research in Pharmacy 2024 , Vol 28 , Issue 3
Luvunga scandens (Roxb) as the promising source of antimalarial drugs against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7
Waqar AHMAD1,Hilkatul ILMI2,Lidya TUMEWU2,Defi Kartika SARI2,Suciati2,Achmad Fuad HAFID2,Aty WIDYAWARUYANTI2
1Doctoral Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia
2Center for Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Diseases, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia
3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia
DOI : 10.29228/jrp.748 Luvunga scandens is traditionally used for malaria, antibacterial, antifungal, antidote to snake bites, and against scorpion stings. Based on the ethnomedicine approach, we focus to explored the antimalarial effect of L. scandens. The stem and leaves of L. scandens were gradually extracted with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol. All samples were examined antimalarial against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and cytotoxicities against HepG2 cell lines. The active extract was fractionated by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) and the fractions obtained were further tested for antimalarial and cytotoxicity. The most potent extracts against P. falciparum were the dichloromethane extracts of L. scandens leaves (LS-L-D) and stem (LS-S-D), with IC50 values of (6.61±0.04 μg /mL) and (5.38±0.01 μg/mL), respectively. Both extracts were found to be safe and effective because their selectivity indices (SI) values were greater than 2. Based on the antimalarial activity,toxicity, and percentage of yield, we fractionated LS-L-D using VLC, and obtained 26 fractions (F1-F26). Fraction 23 (F23) was identified as the most active fraction with an IC50 value of 2.44±0.09 μg/mL and CC50 value of 46.35±0.03. The HPLC profile of F23 shows several peaks. The major peak has a UV spectrum with maximum absorption at wavelengths of 247, 257, and 322 nm, respectively, indicating the characteristics of the flavonoid compound group, especially isoflavones. This data suggested that isoflavones possibly take a role in the antimalarial activity of fraction 23. Further study needs to be conducted to isolate and identify the active compounds from this fraction. Keywords : Luvunga scandens; antimalarial; cytotoxicity; medicine
Marmara University