Editor-in-Chief Hatice Kübra Elçioğlu Vice Editors Levent Kabasakal Esra Tatar Online ISSN 2630-6344 Publisher Marmara University Frequency Bimonthly (Six issues / year) Abbreviation J.Res.Pharm. Former Name Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal
Journal of Research in Pharmacy 2019 , Vol 23 , Issue 4
Preparation, optimization and in vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation of hydroquinone loaded microemulsion formulations for melasma treatment
Neslihan ÜSTÜNDAĞ OKUR1,Emre Şefik ÇAĞLAR2,Ahmet Nezihi PEKCAN3,Mehmet Evren OKUR4,Şule AYLA5
1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
2Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
3Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
4Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
5Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
DOI : 10.12991/jrp.2019.174 The aim of the study is to evaluate the strengthening of penetration of the epidermis through the formulas containing hydroquinone in melasma treatment and development of alternative new carrier systems. During preparation of hydroquinone loaded microemulsions, isopropyl myristate (IPM) as oil phase, Cremophor EL, Span 20, Span 80 and Tween 20 as surfactant, ethanol as co-surfactant, distilled water as aqueous phase were used. Furthermore, in vitro drug release studies were performed. As results of the study, it was measured that conductivity between 16 ± 2.51 and 42.1 ± 2.67, viscosity between 8.97 ± 0.082 and 51.76 ± 0.04, pH between 3.3 ± 0.436 and 5.7 ± 0.2 and refractive index between 1.4032 ± 0.0002 and 1.4299 ± 0.0002. Formulations showed that zeta potential between -0.461 ± 0.009 and 0.359 ± 0.223, PDI between 0.08 ± 0.02 and 0.196 ± 0.067, and droplet size between 24.27 ± 3.559 and 324.9 ± 16.8 nm. Moreover, in vitro drug release studies showed that formulation M2 released 87.405 % of the drug at the end of the 24h. According to results of histopathological analysis, formulations were found convenient for the usage. According to results of our study, hydroquinone loaded microemulsions can be seen as a promising alternative for the treatment of melasma disease. Keywords : Hydroquinone; melasma; microemulsion; topical; mice; skin irritation
Marmara University